The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and technology  NO.4 2000

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Retrospection on the Chinese Society of History of Science and Technology During 1980—2000……XI Ze- zong

【Abstract】 October 2000 is the 20th anniversary of the Chinese Society of the History of Science and Technology.Based on the perso nal experience and understanding of the author,this paper deals with its history in eight parts:(1)The founding conference,(2)To join the international organiza tion:TUHPS/DHS,(3)To resume the International Conference on the History of Scien ce in China,(4)To facilitate the flow with the colleagues in Taiwan Province,(5) To organize academic activities,(6)To edit and publish academic journals:Studies in the History of Natural Sciences and China Historical Materials of Science an d Technology,(7)To write popular science books and to hold exhibitions on popula r science,(8)To build tombs and erect monuments for deceased scientists. Lastly,three suggestions on its future work are made.The author wishes the Socie ty to get more remarkable achievements.

Fryer’s Principles and Ideas on the Translation of Chemical Terminology……CHANG Hao

【Abstract】 For translating chemical terminology into C hinese,John Fryer considered not only the acceptance of chemical terms,but also the general arrogant attitude of Chinese people.He firmly believed that Chinese, like any other languages,would gradually develop into a scientific language.Frye r’s translation of the terms of those chemical elements,particularly in the are a of organic chemistry,played an essential role in the 19th Century.To most people in China ,such nomenclature appeared to be very peculiar terms;to Fryer,h owever,they were just the sign of progress in the development of the Chinese lan guage.

Investigation into the Transmission of the Name of the Discipline “Historical Geography” from Japan into China with a Discussion on China’s Switch from Evolvtionary Geography to Historical Geography……HOU Yong- jian

【Abstract】 This article provides background informatio n and basis of both China and Japan for an important problem in the academic his tory of Chinese historical geography,nemely how to look at the transmission of t he name of this discipline from Japan into China in the beginning of the 20th ce ntury.It deems that this name was passed on into China along with Japan’s moder n educational system during 1901—1904,became known gradually among Chinese scho lars in the 1920s and the 1930s,was used by the Yu Gong magazine as its English name on March 1,1935,and began to take root in academic circles .The change from evolutionary geography into historical geography in China was o n the surface due to Sino Japanese exchange and influence,but in reality it was permeated in all respects with Western geographical thinking.

An Interview with Huang Zongzhen……FAN Hong -ye，WANG De- lu，WEI Hong- ning

【Abstract】 Huang Zongzhen was one of the important me mbers in making preparations for the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sci ences.In the narration of his recollections,he provided precious historical mate rial about the drawing up of A Draft for the Establishment of the People 's Academy of Sciences and the nomination of persons selected to be vice presidents of the Academy.He also recalled his personal experiences about his participation in starting the Scientific Era and his joining the Association of Chinese Scientific workers.

About the Draft for the Establishment of the Pe ople's Academy of Sciences……FAN Hong- ye

【Abstract】 In the archieves of year 1950 kept by the C hinese Academy of Sciences,there is A Draft for the Establishemnt of the People's Academy of Sciences of unknown source.Through documentary ana lysis and interviews with related persons,this paper finds out that the Draft was a report of proposal for top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party in making decision on the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ,in which Qian Sanqiang played a most important role.The setting up of organizat ions in the initial stage of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was identical on th e whole with what was designed in the Draft.

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Early Introduction and Studies on the Western Double Reflecting Octant in China……WANG Miao

【Abstract】 This paper attempts to deal with the early introduction and studies on the Western reflecting octant in China.In 1730 John Hadley(1682—1744)，the British expert in optical instrumentation,made a reflect ing octant.Quite independently in the same year,a young American glazier by the name of Thomas Godfrey(1704—1749) produced a similar instrument.Roughly in the early 19th century,the octant was transmitted to some places of China.During tha t period,Chinese scientists Ding Gongchen(1800—1875),Zheng Fuguang(1780—?)and Zou Boqi(1819—1869)began to introduce and study the structure,principle and way s of use of this optical instrument.

Explanation of Stray Fragments of Calendar in t he Second Year of Xiande……Nishizawa Yusou

【Abstract】 The author is the first to discover Stray Fragments of Calendar in the Secsnd Year of Xiande,which was pre sented to the Japanese National Liberary by the famous historian of astronomy Si nj you Sinzou,thanscribes it,gives his reason for concluding its age,and makes a te xtual research on the authorship ot the fragmentary calendar.

Susruta-samhita in yurveda: an Introduction about a Traditional Indian Classic……LIAO Yu- qun

【Abstract】 This article is a translation of several ch apters chosen from Volume 1 on Introduction of the ancient Indian medical classi c Su s′ ruta sa m. hita,and is appended with necessary comments and n otes.It is a direct introduction of the basic content of traditional Indian medi cine the original document of AA-U yurveda.The chapters and sections selected consi st of: (1)The Origin of Veda,which is the Preface of Su s′ ruta s a m. hita， makes a survey of AA-Uyurveda and the four items on “patie nt,illness,drug and treatment”respectively; (2)Chapter on Visiting a Patient at Home chiefly deals with the requisite qualifications for a learner engaged in medical study to practise medi cine and how to examine a patient; (3)Directions for Illnesses discusses the three causes of illnes ses that lead to mental and bodily“sufferings”,and is divided into the two kin ds suitable for internal or surgical treatment; (4)Eight Methods for Surgical Operation includes excision,incisi on,random pricking,puncturing,drawing out,pricking subsidiary channels,sewing up and dressing.